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Indian Evidence Act, 1872

Section 4

Presumption and Proof

Quick Answer Reference: Section 4 IEA

  • Provision: Section 4 of IEA
  • Act: Indian Evidence Act, 1872
  • Classification: evidence
  • Jurisdiction: India
Statutory Content

What does Section 4 of IEA say?

May presume: Whenever it is proved by this Act that Court may presume a fact, it may either regard such fact as proved, unless and until it is disproved, or may call for proof of it. Shall presume: whenever it is directed by this Act that the Court shall presume a fact, it shall regard such fact as proved, unless and until it is disproved. Conclusive proof: When one fact is declared by this Act to be conclusive proof of another, the Court shall, on proof of the one fact, regard the other as proved, and shall not allow evidence to be given for the purpose of disproving it.

Indian StandardSection 4, Indian Evidence Act, 1872
Bluebook (21st ed.)Indian Evidence Act, 1872, § 4 (India)
Court Pleading StandardSection 4 of the Indian Evidence Act, 1872
Canonical Web linkhttps://nyaya.cloud/acts/indian-evidence-act-1872/4

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Source: Gazette of India (Official Publication)Verify egazette.gov.in ↗
People Also Ask (PAA)

Common Questions about Section 4 IEA

What is Section 4 of IEA?

Section 4 of the Indian Evidence Act, 1872 (IEA) defines and regulates "Presumption and Proof". The section states: May presume: Whenever it is proved by this Act that Court may presume a fact, it may either regard such fact as proved, unless and until it is disproved, or may call for proof of i...

Landmark Case Laws

Landmark Judgments under Section 4 IEA

1978 1 SCC 248

Supreme Court of India

2014 8 SCC 273

Supreme Court of India

2013 2 SCC 1

Supreme Court of India

2017 10 SCC 1

Supreme Court of India

Patnahcucisdb94 High Court (10 8)

Commonly Cited Alongside

Sections commonly cited alongside Section 4