✓ Substantially Identical

Law Transition Comparison: Section 103 IEA vs Section 98 BSA

Side-by-side analysis of statutory changes, penal differences, bailable classification, trial courts, and precedents following India's July 2024 criminal law transition.

AI Legal Analysis & Key Differences

No material statutory changes have been made to the core text of this provision during the transition. The wording, elements, and thresholds remain substantially identical. However, practitioners must adapt to the new section numbering and procedural alignment under the 2023 Sanhitas.

Transition Checklist for Legal Practitioners

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Verify Date of Offense (Crucial for Application)

If the alleged offense occurred before July 1, 2024, substantive charges must be filed under the old act (BSA). For offenses on or after July 1, 2024, use the new Sanhita (IEA).

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Nomenclature Audit in Pleadings

Ensure all draft petitions, FIRs, charge sheets, and bail applications refer to Section 103 of the IEA instead of the old Section 98 of the BSA.

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Confirm Savings Clause Compliance

Apply the savings clause (Section 531 BNSS or Section 358 BNS) to confirm that any trials, appeals, or investigations pending as of July 1, 2024 continue under the old code (BSA) as if the new Sanhitas had not been enacted.

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Review Updated Bail and Trial Jurisdiction

Double-check the schedule in BNSS or CrPC to verify if the trial court jurisdiction (e.g. Session Court vs Magistrate) or the bailable status has been altered for Section 103.

Act Source (Active Site)

Section 103

Indian Evidence Act, 1872

Official Statutory Text

The burden of proof as to any particular fact lies on that person who wishes the Court to believe in its existence, unless it is provided by any law that the proof of that fact shall lie on any particular person.

Procedural Profile

Offence CategoryN/A / Procedural
Bail EligibilityProcedural
Arrest ClassificationProcedural
Trial CourtProcedural
Max PunishmentProcedural
Act Source (Compared)

Section 98

Bharatiya Sakshya Adhiniyam

Official Statutory Text

When language used in a document is plain in itself, but is unmeaning in reference to existing facts, evidence may be given to show that it was used in a peculiar sense. Illustration. A sells to B, by deed, “my house in Kolkata”. A had no house in Kolkata, but it appears that he had a house at Howrah, of which B had been in possession since the execution of the deed. These facts may be proved to show that the deed related to the house at Howrah.

Procedural Profile

Offence CategoryN/A / Procedural
Bail EligibilityProcedural
Arrest ClassificationProcedural
Trial CourtProcedural
Max PunishmentProcedural
Explore Section 103 DetailsExplore Section 98 Details