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Bharatiya Nagarik Suraksha Sanhita

Section 244

Where it is doubtful what offence has been committed

Quick Answer Reference: Section 244 BNSS

  • Provision: Section 244 of BNSS
  • Act: Bharatiya Nagarik Suraksha Sanhita
  • Classification: THE CHARGE
  • Jurisdiction: India
  • Summary: If it's unclear which crime someone has committed, they can be charged with all possible crimes or one of them. If they're charged with one crime but evidence shows they committed a different one, they can still be convicted of the different crime.
Statutory Content

What does Section 244 of BNSS say?

(1) If a single act or series of acts is of such a nature that it is doubtful which of several offences the facts which can be proved will constitute, the accused may be charged with having committed all or any of such offences, and any number of such charges may be tried at once; or he may be charged in the alternative with having committed someone of the said offences. (2) If in such a case the accused is charged with one offence, and it appears in evidence that he committed a different offence for which he might have been charged under the provisions of sub-section (1), he may be convicted of the offence which he is shown to have committed, although he was not charged with it. Illustrations. (a) A is accused of an act which may amount to theft, or receiving stolen property, or criminal breach of trust or cheating. He may be charged with theft, receiving stolen property, criminal breach of trust and cheating, or he may be charged with having committed theft, or receiving stolen property, or criminal breach of trust or cheating. (b) In the case mentioned, A is only charged with theft. It appears that he committed the offence of criminal breach of trust, or that of receiving stolen goods. He may be convicted of criminal breach of trust or of receiving stolen goods (as the case may be), though he was not charged with such offence. (c) A states on oath before the Magistrate that he saw B hit C with a club. Before the Sessions Court A states on oath that B never hit C. A may be charged in the alternative and convicted of intentionally giving false evidence, although it cannot be proved which of these contradictory statements was false.

Indian StandardSection 244, Bharatiya Nagarik Suraksha Sanhita
Bluebook (21st ed.)Bharatiya Nagarik Suraksha Sanhita, § 244 (India)
Court Pleading StandardSection 244 of the Bharatiya Nagarik Suraksha Sanhita
Canonical Web linkhttps://nyaya.cloud/acts/bharatiya-nagarik-suraksha-sanhita/244

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Source: Gazette of India (Official Publication)Verify egazette.gov.in ↗
✓ VERIFIED FOR LEGAL ACCURACYReviewed & certified by Advocate Priya Menon (Bar Council ID: MAH/4521/2018).
AI Educational GuideAI-generated explanation for educational and research purposes. Original statutory text is preserved exactly.
Section Meaning & Purpose

What does Section 244 of BNSS mean?

Plain English Explanation

If it's unclear which crime someone has committed, they can be charged with all possible crimes or one of them. If they're charged with one crime but evidence shows they committed a different one, they can still be convicted of the different crime.

Practical Interpretation

This section allows for flexibility in charging individuals with multiple crimes when the evidence is unclear. It also enables the court to convict an individual of a different crime if the evidence shows they committed it, even if they were not charged with it.

Core Legal Purpose

The core purpose of this section is to provide a framework for dealing with situations where the evidence is unclear and multiple crimes may have been committed. It aims to ensure that justice is served while also providing clarity and certainty in the legal process.

Key Legal Elements
  • A single act or series of acts can be of such a nature that it is doubtful which of several offences the facts which can be proved will constitute.
  • The accused may be charged with having committed all or any of such offences, and any number of such charges may be tried at once.
  • The key legal test or threshold standard is whether the evidence is unclear and multiple crimes may have been committed.
  • The key exception or limitation under this section is that the accused must be charged with one of the possible crimes if they are to be convicted of it.
Practical Example

Practical Example of Section 244 BNSS

Rajesh is accused of an act that may amount to theft, receiving stolen property, criminal breach of trust, or cheating. He may be charged with all these crimes or one of them. If he is charged with theft but evidence shows he committed criminal breach of trust, he can still be convicted of criminal breach of trust.

Common Questions (FAQ)

Frequently Asked Questions about Section 244 BNSS

Q: What is the punishment or consequence under Section 244 of BNSS?

This section is a procedural provision and does not prescribe a penal punishment. The punishment will depend on the specific crime for which the individual is convicted.

Q: Does this section apply to private individuals or public entities?

This section applies to both private individuals and public entities, as it is a general provision dealing with unclear evidence and multiple crimes.

Q: Is an offence under this section bailable or cognizable?

This section does not specify whether the offence is bailable or cognizable. The classification of the offence will depend on the specific crime for which the individual is convicted.

People Also Ask (PAA)

Common Questions about Section 244 BNSS

What is Section 244 of BNSS?

Section 244 of the Bharatiya Nagarik Suraksha Sanhita (BNSS) defines and regulates "Where it is doubtful what offence has been committed". In plain terms: If it's unclear which crime someone has committed, they can be charged with all possible crimes or one of them. If they're charged with one crime but evidence shows they committed a different one, they can still be convicted of the different crime.

What is the punishment under Section 244 of BNSS?

Section 244 of BNSS does not prescribe a specific criminal punishment, or it is a procedural provision.

Is Section 244 of BNSS bailable or non-bailable?

Whether Section 244 of BNSS is bailable or non-bailable depends on the schedule classification.

What are the elements of Section 244 of BNSS?

The essential elements of Section 244 of BNSS are: A single act or series of acts can be of such a nature that it is doubtful which of several offences the facts which can be proved will constitute.; The accused may be charged with having committed all or any of such offences, and any number of such charges may be tried at once.; The key legal test or threshold standard is whether the evidence is unclear and multiple crimes may have been committed..

Landmark Case Laws

Landmark Judgments under Section 244 BNSS

2014 8 SCC 273

Supreme Court of India

1978 1 SCC 248

Supreme Court of India

Patnahcucisdb94 High Court (10 8)

Patnahcucisdb94 High Court (10 8)

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